جنگ‌شناختی مدرن: از شناخت در رزم تا عرصه جنگ‌شناختی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار دانشگاه علوم و فنون هوایی شهید ستاری، تهران، ایران.

2 کارشناس ارشد، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان‏شناسی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: پیشرفت‌های انقلابی علوم و فناوری‌های شناختی، مطالعات ذهن/ مغز را وارد مرحله جدید «کنترل و شبیه‌سازی مغز» کرده است. روندهای توسعه علوم و فناوری‌های شناختی و سرمایه‌گذاری‌های کلانِ سازمان‌هایِ تحقیقاتیِ نظامیِ پیشرو دنیا در این حوزه، نشان دهنده ظهور عرصه جدیدی از جنگ با عنوان «عرصه جنگ‌شناختی» است. با توجه به نوظهور بودن عرصه جنگ‌شناختی، اختلاف‌نظرهای زیادی در مفهوم‌سازی آن وجود دارد. هدف این پژوهش، تحلیل منطقی و مفهومی جنگ‌شناختی و توصیف و ترسیم شبکه مفهومی آن است.
روش: روش‌های استفاده‌شده در این پژوهش عبارت‌اند از: تحلیل برساختی، تحلیل اکتشافی و تحلیل تحویلی متون مرتبط با هدف پژوهش.
یافته‌ها: در مفهوم‌سازی جنگ‌شناختی، شش مغالطه منطقی رایج وجود دارد: 1. تحدید جنگ‌شناختی به سطح روان‌شناختی؛ 2. تحدید جنگ‌شناختی به عملیات شناختی؛ 3. تحدید تأثیرشناختی به مداخله‌شناختی؛ 4. تحدید جنگ‌شناختی به آسیب ‌شناختی؛ 5. تحدید جنگ‌شناختی به عملیات نظامی؛ 6. تحدید جنگ‌شناختی به شناخت در جنگ. هر یک از مغالطه‌های فوق، نشان‌دهنده یک عنصر ماهیتی از جنگ‌شناختی است که شبکه مفهومی آن را نمایان می‌سازد: علوم و فناوری‌های جنگ‌شناختی، جنگ‌شناختی مبتنی بر تئوری‌شناختی، اثربخشی جنگ‌شناختی، ابعاد جنگ‌شناختی، دامنه جنگ‌شناختی و عرصه جنگ‌شناختی.
نتیجه‌گیری: رنسانس علوم و فناوری‌های شناختی، برتری آینده را برتری‌شناختی می‌داند و آن را در گرو قدرت‌نمایی در عرصه جنگ‌شناختی ترسیم می‌کند؛ به همین دلیل، ضروری به نظر می‌رسد که با ایجاد پژوهشکده‌های علوم و فناوری‌های جنگ‌شناختی، مراکز دفاع‌شناختی، قرارگاه و فرماندهی رزم‌شناختی و تربیت افسران جنگ‌شناختی، زمینه‌هایی فراهم آورد تا بتوان به سیاست‌گذاری، خط‌مشی‌گذاری، برنامه‌ریزی و اقدام‌های عملی برای انجام عملیات‏های آفندی و پدافندی در عرصه جنگ‌شناختی پرداخت.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Modern Cognitive Warfare: From the Application of Cognitive Science and Technology in the Battlefield to the Arena of Cognitive Warfare

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hasan Mahjob 1
  • Saeed Shakori 2
1 Associate Prof., Shahid Sattari Aeronautical University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
2 Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Background & Purpose: Revolutionary advances in cognitive science and technology have led mind-brain studies to the novel “brain control and simulation” phase. The development of cognitive science and technology, along with the huge investment of the world’s leading military research institutes in this area, suggest the emergence of a new arena of warfare, which is known as “cognitive warfare”. The present study aims to conduct a logical and conceptual analysis of cognitive warfare and illustrate its conceptual network.
Methodology: The study is performed using logical and conceptual analyses. The applied techniques include constructive, detective, and reductive analyses.
Findings: The analyses indicate six common logical fallacies in the conceptualization of cognitive warfare: the reduction of cognitive warfare to the psychological level, the reduction of cognitive warfare to cognitive operations, the reduction of  cognitive influence to cognitive interference, the reduction of  cognitive warfare to cognitive impairment, the reduction of  cognitive warfare to military operations, and the reduction of  cognitive warfare to application of cognitive science and technology in the battlefield. Each of the mentioned fallacies represents a natural element of cognitive warfare to demonstrate its conceptual network: cognitive warfare science and technology, cognitive warfare based on cognitive theories, the effectiveness of cognitive warfare, cognitive warfare dimensions, the scope of cognitive warfare, and the arena of cognitive warfare.
Conclusion: The renaissance of cognitive science and technology highlights the fact that future power and supremacy lies in cognitive superiority and empowerment in the arena of cognitive warfare. Thus, some of the critical measures to be taken in this regard are establishing cognitive science and technology research centers, cognitive defense centers, and cognitive battlefield bases and headquarters. Other essential actions include the training of officers for cognitive warfare, policymaking, legislation, and executive measures and planning for offence and defense in the arena of cognitive warfare

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cognitive warfare
  • Arena of cognitive warfare
  • Cognitive defense
  • Cognitive superiority
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