یادگیری کار گروهی از طریق بازی های رایانه ای با رویکرد پدیدارشناسی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 PhD., Faculty of Foreign Languages, Shaid Sattari Aeronautical University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.

2 PhD., Faculty of Foreign Languages, Shaid Sattari Aeronautical University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: با ظهور بازی‌های ویدیویی به عنوان بخش جدایی‌ناپذیر از فناوری و آموزش، تأثیر این گونه بازی‌ها بر ارتقای سطح کار گروهی بطور بی‌سابقه‌ای مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. مهم‌ترین هدف این پژوهش بررسی ابعاد تأثیرگذار بر بهبود کار گروهی در بین دانشجویان دانشجوی سال اول نیروی هوایی ارتش جمهوری اسلامی ایران بود.
روش‌شناسی: بدین منظور 50 دانشجوی سال اول با اجرای بازی ضد تروریستی کانتر (Counter Terrorist Game) در گروه‌های پنج نفره (10 گروه) در این پژوهش شرکت کردند. آنها بطور تصادفی در هریک از گروه‌ها تقسیم شدند؛ همه آنها از بین داوطلبانِ انجام این بازی و بدون تصادفی‌سازی انتخاب گردیدند. هر گروه چهار دور بازی در دو روز متوالی به صورت رقابت با رایانه انجام داد. پس از روز دوم، مصاحبه عمیقی با سؤالات نیمه‌ساختارمند از شرکت‌کنندگان در مورد تجربیات زیسته خود از بازی‌های ویدیویی با هم‌کلاسی‌هایشان در مورد جنبه‌های مختلف کار گروهی صورت پذیرفت. بعلاوه، پژوهشگران شرکت کنندگان را در حال انجام بازی مورد مشاهده قرار داده و یادداشت‌های میدانی را به منظور ثبت پدیده مورد مطالعه به کار بستند.
یافته‌ها: داده‌های جمع‌آوری‌ شده با استفاده از نرم‌افزار تحلیل داده‌های کیفی NVivo نسخه 12 به دقت پیاده‌سازی و تحلیل شدند و بر طبق آن 10 مفهموم (تم) داده-بنیاد به‌دست آمدند.
نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج نشان می‌دهد که انجام بازی‌های ویدیویی می‌تواند به طور قابل‌توجهی کار تیمی و عملکرد گروهی را در بخش هایی همچون هدف‌گذاری، هویت‌‌سازی، پیش‌اندیشی، تعامل، اجرا، رهبری، روحیه همبستگی، همدلی، منش و تدبیر افزایش دهد.
واژگان کلیدی: بازی‌های رایانه‌ای، رقابت، کار تیمی، عملکرد گروهی

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Learning Teamwork via Computer Games: A Phenomenological Approach

نویسندگان [English]

  • Naser Janani 1
  • Mohammad Fallah 2
1 PhD., Faculty of Foreign Languages, Shaid Sattari Aeronautical University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
2 PhD., Faculty of Foreign Languages, Shaid Sattari Aeronautical University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background & Purpose: By the advent of video games as an inseparable part of technology and education, the impact of such games on enhancing the level of teamwork has reached an unprecedented attention. The uppermost objective of this study was to investigate the miscellany of aspects influential on the improvement of teamwork among Iranian Air Force freshmen cadets.
Methodology: To this end, 50 freshmen cadets participated in this research by playing Counter Terrorist Game in groups of five (10 groups). They were randomly assigned to each of the groups, however, they all were chosen from among volunteers to play the game with no specific randomization (convenience sampling). Each group played four rounds of the game in two consecutive days (each day two rounds) competitively against the computer. After the second day, participants were in depth interviewed about their lived experiences of playing video games with their coursemates utilizing semi-structured questions concerning various aspects of teamwork.
Findings: The researchers also observed the participants playing games and employed field notes in order to record the phenomenon under study. The data collected were meticulously transcribed and analyzed and data-driven themes were obtained using NVivo qualitative data analysis software version 12.
Conclusion: By conducting this study, it was revealed that there are ten main themes or categories in the context of game playing that can potentially lead towards learning teamwork features. The themes are goal-setting, identity-formation, premeditation, interaction, implementation, leadership, esprit de corps, companionship, trait and tact.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Computer Games
  • Competition
  • Teamwork
  • Team Performance
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