شناسایی کارکردهای شناختی تاثیرگذار بر عملکرد شناختی مدیران راهبردی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده مهندسی صنایع، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 دانشگاه عالی دفاع ملی

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: عملکرد شناختی، مجموعه‎ای از ظرفیت‎هاست که توانایی بازشناسی، پردازش و پاسخ به اطلاعات ورودی را به فرد می‌دهد. عملکرد شناختی، ساختارهای ذهنی و کارکردهای شناختی مدیران راهبردی در سازمان‌ها، در موفقیت سازمان‌ها و رسیدن به اهداف استراتژیک آنها عواملی بسیار تأثیرگذار هستند. از این رو، پژوهش حاضر با هدف شناسایی کارکردهای شناختی تأثیرگذار در عملکرد شناختی مدیران راهبردی و اولویت‌بندی آنها اجرا شده است.
روش: روش این پژوهش، آمیخته متوالی کیفی ـ کمی است که در آن، به‎صورت متوالی، از ترکیب روش‌های کمّی و کیفی استفاده شده است. ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ پژوهش، ابتدا با استفاده از روش‌های کیفی، کارکردهای شناختی تأثیرگذار بر عملکرد شناختی مدیران شناسایی شد، سپس در فاز کمّی، به‎کمک تحلیل‌های آماری و یکی از روش‏های معتبر تصمیم‎گیری چندمعیاره، کارکردهای شناسایی‎شده، اولویت‌بندی شدند.
یافته‌ها: در بخش کیفی، پس از مرور ادبیات، 14 کارکرد شناختی تأثیرگذار بر عملکرد شناختی مدیران استخراج شد و مدل مفهومی پژوهش به‎دست آمد. در بخش کمّی با استفاده از پیاده‌سازی روش‌های آماری و روش تصمیم‌گیری چندمعیاره، کارکردهای شناختی اولویت‌بندی شدند و وزن هر یک از این کارکردها محاسبه شد. «کارکرد برنامه‎ریزی» و «انجام چند تکلیف هم‏زمان»، دو کارکرد بسیار با اهمیت، در بین کارکردهای شناختی اولویت‎دار بودند و بیشترین میانگین وزن نهایی را به دست آوردند.
نتیجه‌گیری: خطاهای مدیران که از ضعف سطوح عملکرد آنها در هر یک از کارکردهای شناختی نشئت می‎گیرد، به مشکلات جبران‌ناپذیری می‎انجامد که به‎صورت ناخودآگاه، کارایی سازمان‌ را کاهش می‎دهد. در این پژوهش با شناسایی و اولویت‌بندی کارکردهای شناختی تأثیرگذار بر عملکرد شناختی مدیران، راهبردهایی برای پیشگیری از ایجاد خطاهای شناختی و کاهش ضریب دقت و افزایش صحت تصمیم‏ها به دست آمد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Identifying the Affecting Functions the Cognitive Performance of Strategic Managers

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Ghavamifar 1
  • Hossein Hassanpoor 2
1 Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
2 مسئول اندیشکده علوم شناختی
چکیده [English]

Background & Purpose: Cognitive performance includes a set of capacities that enable the individuals to recognize, process, and respond to information. Cognitive performance, mental structures, and cognitive functions of strategic organizations’ managers are very critical factors in the success of organizations and achieving their strategic goals. Therefore, this study aims to identify and prioritize the cognitive functions affecting the cognitive performance of strategic managers.
Methodology: The method used in this research is a qualitative-quantitative sequential mixed research method in which a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods is used sequentially. In this research, first using qualitative methods, the cognitive functions affecting managers' cognitive performance are identified and then in a quantitative phase, using statistical analysis, a novel methods of multi-criteria decision making the identified factors are prioritized.
Findings: In the qualitative section, after reviewing the literature, 14 cognitive functions affecting the cognitive performance of managers were extracted and the conceptual model of the research is presented. In the quantitative part, using the implementation of statistical methods and a multi-criteria decision making method, cognitive functions were prioritized and the weight of each of these functions is calculated. "Planning function" and "performing several tasks simultaneously" have been selected as the most important functions among the prioritized cognitive functions, which have obtained the highest average final weight.
Conclusion: It is concluded that avoiding managerial errors due to low levels of managerial performance in any of the cognitive functions can cause irreparable problems that subconsciously reduce the efficiency of relevant organizations. In this research, by identifying and prioritizing cognitive functions affecting the cognitive performance of strategic managers, it is possible to prevent cognitive errors, reduce the accuracy factor, and increase the accuracy of decisions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Keywords: Cognitive functions
  • Evaluation of cognitive function
  • Strategic managers
  • Multi-criteria decision making
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