مطالعات منابع انسانی

مطالعات منابع انسانی

مدیریت استعداد دانشجویان خلبانی: شایستگی‌های محوری و الزامات گزینش

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه برنامه‌ریزی توسعۀ آموزش عالی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.
2 دانشیار، گروه برنامه‌ریزی توسعه آموزش عالی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.
3 دانشیار، گروه مدیریت و برنامه‌ریزی آموزشی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.
4 استادیار، گروه مدیریت آموزش عالی، دانشگاه علوم و فنون شهید ستاری، تهران، ایران.
10.22034/jhrs.2025.501312.2357
چکیده
زمینه و هدف: امروزه منابع انسانی مستعد، یکی از عوامل کلیدیِ بهبود عملکرد سازمانی و کاهش هزینه‌ها در مشاغل پیچیده شناخته می‌شوند. شناسایی و جذب این افراد، به‌ویژه در حرفه‌هایی مانند خلبانی که به مهارت‌های چندبُعدی نیاز دارد، از اهمیت ویژه‌ای برخوردار است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف شناسایی شایستگی‌های محوری و الزامات گزینش استعداد دانشجویان خلبانی انجام‌ شده است.
روش: این مطالعه با استفاده از رویکرد کیفی و استراتژی استقرایی، ابتدا به بررسی ادبیات مرتبط با مدیریت استعداد، استعدادیابی و شایستگی‌های موردنیاز خلبانان پرداخته است. سپس با ۹ نفر از استادان خلبانی که در آموزش خلبانی تجربه مدیریتی داشتند، مصاحبه‌های نیمه ساختاریافته صورت گرفت. داده‌های گردآوری‌شده از ادبیات و مصاحبه‌ها با روش تحلیل مضمون و به‌کمک نرم‌افزار مکس‌کیوا ۲۰۲۰ تحلیل شدند.
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد که عوامل مؤثر برگزینش استعداد دانشجویان خلبانی مشتمل بر ۹ مضمون فراگیر، ۳۸ مضمون سازمان‌دهنده و ۱۵۴ مضمون پایه است. این عوامل ابعاد متنوعی دارند، از جمله: عوامل محیطی (برون‌سازمانی)، عوامل سازمانی، عوامل فرهنگی، عوامل شغلی، سیاست‌گذاری گزینش و معتبرسازی گزینش که مهارت‌های فردی، وضعیت اقتصادی، جنبه‌های روانی و فرهنگی جامعه و ویژگی‌های شغلی و سازمانی را پوشش می‌دهند. پیش‌بینی‌کننده‌ها نیز در انتخاب خلبانان نقش حیاتی دارند و عبارت‌اند از: ارزیابی توانمندی‌های فنی و جسمانی، ارزیابی‌های شناختی، روان‌شناختی و اجتماعی. همچنین شایستگی‌های محوری شناسایی شده که در موفقیت حرفۀ خلبانی عوامل کلیدی محسوب می‌شوند، عبارت‌اند از: شایستگی‌های روانی ـ حرکتی، هوانوردی، شخصیتی، جسمانی، شناختی و اجتماعی.
نتیجه‌گیری: کاربرد یافته‌های این پژوهش در فرایند گزینش متقاضیان خلبانی در نیروی هوایی ارتش جمهوری اسلامی ایران، می‌تواند به ارتقا و بهبود فرایند استعدادیابی و همچنین، سیاست‌گذاری و برنامه‌ریزی در این زمینه کمک شایانی کند. نتایج این پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که استفاده از ابزارهای نوین مانند شبیه‌سازهای پروازی، هوش مصنوعی و آزمون‌های روان‌شناختی، در کنار روش‌های سنتی مانند تحلیل بیوگرافی، دقت پیش‌بینی گزینش خلبانان را افزایش می‌دهد. درنهایت، پیشنهاد می‌شود که سازمان‌های هوانوردی با استفاده از روش‌های ترکیبی و ارزیابی‌های جامع، شایستگی‌های مختلف متقاضیان را شناسایی کنند و فرایند گزینش خود را با توجه به وضعیت‌های اقتصادی و اجتماعی جامعه بهبود بخشند تا علاوه‌بر کاهش هزینه‌ها، ایمنی و عملکرد سازمانی را ارتقا دهند.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Talent Management of Pilot Cadets: Core Competencies and Selection Requirements

نویسندگان English

Mohsen Gheysari 1
Abasalt Khorasani 2
Mahmoud Abolghasemi 3
Darush Mehri 4
1 Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Higher Education Development Planning, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Associate Prof., Department of Higher Education Development Planning, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
3 Associate Prof., Department of Educational Management and Planning, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
4 Assistant Prof., Department of Higher Education Management, Shahid Sattari University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده English

Background & Purpose: Today, talented human resources are recognized as one of the key factors in improving organizational performance and reducing costs in complex jobs. Identifying and attracting these individuals, especially in professions like piloting that require multidimensional skills, is of particular importance. The present study aims to identify the core competencies and selection requirements for recruiting pilot students.
Methodology: This study adopts a qualitative approach and an inductive strategy, initially focusing on reviewing the literature on talent management, talent identification, and the competencies required for the pilots. Subsequently, semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine experienced pilot instructors who also held managerial roles in pilot training. The collected data from the literature review and interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis with the assistance of MAXQDA 2020 Software
Findings: The results showed that the factors influencing the selection of pilot trainees include 9 overarching themes, 38 organizing themes, and 154 basic themes. These factors encompass various dimensions, including environmental (external) factors, organizational factors, cultural factors, job-related factors, selection policies, and validation of the selection process. They cover aspects such as individual skills, economic conditions, psychological and cultural aspects of society, and job and organizational characteristics. Predictors, including the evaluation of technical and physical abilities, cognitive, psychological, and social assessments, also play a vital role in pilot selection. The core competencies identified include psychomotor skills, aviation competency, personality competency, physical competency, cognitive competency, and social competency. These competencies are considered key success factors in the piloting profession.
Conclusion: The findings of this research can greatly improve the talent selection process for pilot candidates in the Air Force of the Islamic Republic of Iran, aiding in better policy-making and planning. The results indicate that integrating modern tools such as flight simulators, artificial intelligence, and psychological tests with traditional methods like biographical analysis can enhance the accuracy of pilot selection. It is recommended that aviation organizations adopt a combination of methods and comprehensive evaluations to assess various competencies of candidates. By aligning the selection process with the economic and social conditions of the society, organizations can not only reduce costs but also improve safety and overall performance

کلیدواژه‌ها English

: Talent management
Talent
Pilot selection
Competencies
Predictors
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دوره 14، شماره 4
زمستان 1403
صفحه 139-174

  • تاریخ دریافت 27 تیر 1403
  • تاریخ بازنگری 01 شهریور 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش 22 آبان 1403